The 10 judgments are summarized in Table 9.1, together with (in italics) questions that people might ask themselves with respect to each one. Five of them (J1 to J3B in the table) are structurally similar to each other, invoking comparisons with referents outside a person and the other five have in common the application of personal reference points. First in Table 9.1 are comparisons which other people (J1), asking whether one’s own situation, or a particular aspect of that, is better or worse than that of others. Second, comparisons with alternative situations (J2) may be made relative to expectations (J2A) or to counterfactual possibilities (J2B; those that do not exist, being contrary to the facts). Other comparative judgments are time-based (J3), in term of the direction and speed of change relative to past situation (J3A) or in relation to future possibilities (J3B). In addition, personal reference point are invoked with respect to the salience of an environmental input (J4), the level of one’s relevant self-efficacy (J5), and whether an input from the environment is novel or familiar (J6).