Limitations exist in generalizing the results of this study to type 2 diabetes in Taiwan because this study employed a small non-probability sample from one clinic. Also, the self- report audit may be biased in this study. In the next step, the research team will undertake a longitudinal study with a self efficacy-enhancing intervention programme, which is based on four information sources of self-efficacy theory and then examine the effects of the intervention. Future experimental studies are required to consider the factors which a influenced by self-efficacy, outcome expectations and self. care behaviour and will be most successful at enhancing self-efficacy among people with diabetes