I. INTRODUCTION
The power grid consists of physical components, which
generate and transmit power, and cyber components
which transmit data and control signals. Currently,
operation and control of bulk power generation and
transmission network occurs at centralized control centers and
relies mostly on operator in the loop control and analysis. For
example, results from state estimation and contingency
analysis will be reviewed by operators and adjustments system
operation made accordingly by the system operator. This
control loop relies on human intervention and the time scale is
on the order of minutes. In addition, some automatic wide area
control, such as automatic generation control (AGC), has been
implemented and relies on a slow response. More specifically,
“AGC acts slowly and deliberately over tens of seconds or a
few minutes” [1]. Current analytical techniques and models
make assumptions that communication lines are in service and
any latency or bandwidth constraints are negligible and/or
have no effect on system operation. With the slow response
and dynamics of current wide area control techniques these
assumptions are adequate. However, the advancement and
implementation of smart grid technology requires more
advanced models that factor in the status and performance of