Mechanisms that lead to vascular occlusion and ischemic cutaneous necrosis will also be discussed. Biopsy specimens taken from skin affected by calciphylaxis may show medial calcification and subintimal fibroplasia of pannicular arterioles; thrombotic occlusion of cutaneous vessels; ischemic necrosis of the subcutis, dermis, or epidermis (or a combination); and extravascular calcium deposition. Occasionally, a single specimen may possess all of these histologic findings.