When the Turkish literature was examined in depth in terms of the scope and findings of
these studies, two research strands were observed to emerge: (1) Studies examining the level of
knowledge participants hold in certain subject matter areas, and (2) studies investigating the
development of their knowledge through designed programs, workshops, and courses. For the
level of knowledge, 17 studies mainly paid attention to math teachers’ and teacher candidates’
command of certain specific mathematical concepts such as radian, fractions, patterns, 3D
objects, and integrals (CK) as well as to their ability to transfer subject matter knowledge into
pedagogical situations (PCK). Eight studies, on the other hand, were interested in developing
math teachers’ knowledge, particularly pedagogical content knowledge, through programs and
professional development opportunities.