Only Keynesians and two scholarly texts continue to advocate theories relating to an accelerator principle. This notion, which was seen to explain the volatility in capital investment expenditures, is no longer taken seriously. Samuelson uses an example of a textile firm with sales of $30 million. Each year the company spends 10 percent or $3 million to replace one machine to a constant capital-output ratio, the number of machines must rise by 50 percent and the company then buys 11 machines, one as a replacement and 10 new ones. In this respect, the accelerator acts like a multiplier and a 50 percent sales then level off? Unfortunately, this effect is considered to apply across the economy. In reality, what often occurs is that the 50 percent sales increase has occurred at a loss of sales for some other company or the industry at large. Thus, even if new investment increases in one company, it may cause a deceleration in others, an event ignored by Samuelson and Keynesians.