To isolate the pathogen, the remainder of the BPW cultures of the PCR-positive samples were streaked onto deoxycholate-hydrogen sulfide-lactose agar (Eiken Chemical Co., Tokyo, Japan) and incubated at 37°C overnight. Presumptive E. albertii colonies (50–100/sample) were isolated on nutrient agar plates (Eiken Chemical Co.) and incubated at 37°C overnight. The isolates were then re-tested using the PCR method described above. The confirmed PCR-positive isolates were then examined for fermentation of glucose, motility and hydrogen sulfide production on triple-sugar iron agar (Eiken Chemical Co.) and sulfide indole motility medium agar (Eiken Chemical Co.). Isolates with positive glucose fermentation, negative motility and negative hydrogen sulfide production test results were then confirmed as E. albertii using multi locus sequence typing (MLST) as previously described [9].