One limitation is that the authors did not report intervention ESs,
making it difficult to determine the efficacy of each SM course. The authors
concluded that regardless of content delivery method (instructor or computer
mediated) or course composition (groups or independent study), the SM
groups showed higher success rates in terms of goal achievement than the
control groups. In addition, participants in the SM groups reported increased
confidence in being able to generalize their SM skills and apply them in
changing other types of behaviors.