The objective of this review is to synthesize several key environmental factors that influence the endocrine sys- tem that subsequently affects cattle at the systems physi- ology level. Disruptions in physiology at the systemic levels can lead to diminished returns from cattle produc- tion in a multitude of ways. This review summarizes the current knowledge of managerial, climatic and nutri- tional stressors, and in doing so, sheds light on areas that require further study; including the mechanisms that allow stressors to disrupt endocrine function (Figure 1). This review is helpful to not only professionals within the livestock production industry such as extension agents, but to provide an overview of past research and a direction for future research to scientists in a variety of fields.