Self-efficacy.
In a review of exercise determinants,23 selfefficacy
was the strongest predictor of exercise in a majority of
studies. Self-efficacy is perceived capability and confidence,
specific to a particular domain of behavior.26 In elders, selfefficacy
predicts exercise adherence, fear of falls, physical
functioning, social decline, and survival.27,28 Elders exhibit less
exercise self-efficacy than other age groups.29,30 Exercise with
appropriate coaching can bolster elders’ self-efficacy.9,27 Furthermore,
elders benefit most from age-matched behavioral models,29 for example, coaching from other older adults who
exercise successfully