On the last day of each experimental period, ruminal contents weresampled at 0, 3, and 6 h post morning feeding to determine the pH andconcentration of fermentation end-products.
Rumen contents (∼100 mL)were collected once at each sampling time from the ventral sac by usinga stomach tube, and then composite samples taken from each goat werestrained through 4 layers of cheesecloth. The pH of ruminal fluid was mea-sured immediately using a pH metre