Baseline characteristics for the total cohort at the commencement of this trial are presented in Table 1. Groups were well matched at baseline, with the only significant difference being a longer duration of symptoms in the control group (P=.03). The study population consisted of a young-elderly cohort, with approximately equal numbers of men and women with chronic shoulder pain. At baseline, both groups reported a moderate level of shoulder pain and functional impairment (mean total SPADI score=50% for both groups) and approximately 30 degrees and 50 degrees of painful shoulder flexion and abduction AROM, respectively.