Limitation:
Estimates of smoking prevalence during
pregnancy are usually based on selfreported
information. Because negative
attitudes toward women smoking
especially in our countries have
increased during recent years, the
validity of self-reported smoking
information may be a special concern.
Conclusion and Recommendations:
The role of maternal smoking during
pregnancy on adverse pregnancy has
reported in many studies, and this was
observed also in our study. In
conclusion, smoking during pregnancy
(active smoking and passive smoking) is
associated with high risk of having
preterm birth, breech presentation,
caesarean section birth and poor APGAR
score. Furthermore, there were
statistically significant differences
between the three groups regarding to
rupture of membrane, induction of labor
and or fetal presentation (cephalic/
breach).
It adds to an increasing body of
literature on the adverse effects of
passive and active smoking on pregnancy
outcomes. This result underscores the
need to target all women who smoke as
well as the public surrounding pregnant
women to minimize environmental
exposure during pregnancy. This study
provides data for policy makers towards
developing plans for the improvement of
reproductive outcomes. Also, there is
urgent need for a comprehensive
approach to prevention of maternal
smoking in Jordan.
Acknowledgments:
We would like to thank Dr. Ream El
Safadi for her valuable advices.