Furthermore, RV infections cause 27.8–52% of all acute diarrhea and are responsible for even 2/3 of hospitalization and consultation in emergency department and 1/3 outpatient visits associated with acute diarrhea. It was found that the peak incidence occurred in the period between the 5th–6th and the 21st–23rd month of life (almost 80%), and nearly 90% of RV infections took place between the 3rd and 36th month of life [2], [4] and [5]. In our study, the age of the children was much higher than given above; all the children were over 30 months (mean age 5 years). Higher incidence RV infections are observed in countries with a high standard of living and in the urban environment. The peak incidence in temperate climates is in late autumn, winter and early spring and is an epidemic; this has been confirmed also in our observations. Intussusception is the most common form of gastrointestinal obstruction in children. The etiology is unknown, but because of the frequent coexistence of infections of the digestive system, numerous studies attempt to assess if the infection is a risk factor for the intussusception. Particular attention is paid to RV infection, on the one hand, this is a common etiological factor of acute diarrhea in the pediatric population, on the other hand, the relationship between vaccination and intussusception incidents was observed. In 1998, The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has approved the use of oral, living, attenuated, 3-valent, human rotavirus vaccine, Rota-Shield Wyeth. The vaccine was withdrawn in 1999 because of the occurrence of intussusception between the 3rd and 7th day after vaccination, usually after the first dose (15 cases/1.5 million doses) – higher incidence in older infants [20] and [21]. Observation of incidents of intussusception after RV vaccination drew attention to the presence of a potential association between intussusception and the infection natural course. Furthermore, it is known that the thickening of the intestinal wall and adenopathy, caused by infection, have an important role in the pathogenesis of intussusceptions [22], [23], [24] and [25].
Analyses conducted in developed and developing countries, evaluating th