e) curriculum implementation. Unlike the Malaysian mathematics curriculum specifications,
the Shanghai’s curriculum standard divided the content according to five key stages: a) primary grades
1-2, b) primary grades 3-5, c) middle school grades 6-7, d) middle school grades 8-9, and e) high school
grades 10-12. For each key stage, the content was further divided into two sections: basic and extension.
The extension section covered the same content area as the basic section, but each content area was
extended in breath and depth