The results of this research support the results from many survey researches done previously in several countries, as mentioned in introduction part. The results on the use of management accounting techniques indicated that traditional management accounting techniques were used more than advanced management accounting techniques. Thai SMEs who applied for advisory support from the public sector for investment advice and upgrading of management capability, as called “ITB” in this research, and Thai SMEs who did not applied for advice, as called “Non-ITB mentioned similar techniques that were unknown to them but mentioned techniques they knew but never used differently. Top five techniques that they knew and intended to use were still traditional management accounting techniques. However Non-ITB knew and intended to use some advanced management accounting techniques such as benchmarking and balanced scorecard, which were the tools for
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planning, controlling, and implementing the corporate strategies. The results showed significant association between business characteristic, as being ITB or Non-ITB, with almost all management accounting techniques, except standard costing, job order costing, process costing, and keizen costing. The barriers that Thai SMEs encountered were a lack of proper accounting system and accountant having insufficient knowledge in management accounting. Finally, the research results showed that top five of management accounting techniques adopted by both Thai public companies and Thai SMEs were still traditional management accounting techniques.