Auxin signalling
In recent years, tremendous progress has been made towards dissecting the signalling pathway of auxin (reviewed by Vanneste and Friml, 2009; Tromas and Perrot-Rechenmann, 2010; Swarup and Péret, 2012). Briefly, at low auxin concentrations, auxin responses are suppressed by AUX/IAA (AUXIN/INDOLE-3-ACETIC ACID) proteins. AUX/IAA proteins repress AUXIN RESPONSE FACTORS (ARFs), a class of transcription factors that regulate auxin-responsive gene expression. Auxin perception by TIR1 (TRANSPORT INHIBITOR RESPONSE 1) and related AUXIN F-BOX (AFB) proteins AFB1, AFB2 and AFB3 leads to the degradation of AUX/IAAs by the 26S proteasome and the subsequent release of ARFs from suppression. By binding to the auxin-responsive element (ARE) commonly found in the promoters of auxin-responsive genes, ARFs regulate (activate or repress) auxin-responsive gene expression, leading to a variety of auxin-mediated phenotypic alterations.
Auxin signalling
In recent years, tremendous progress has been made towards dissecting the signalling pathway of auxin (reviewed by Vanneste and Friml, 2009; Tromas and Perrot-Rechenmann, 2010; Swarup and Péret, 2012). Briefly, at low auxin concentrations, auxin responses are suppressed by AUX/IAA (AUXIN/INDOLE-3-ACETIC ACID) proteins. AUX/IAA proteins repress AUXIN RESPONSE FACTORS (ARFs), a class of transcription factors that regulate auxin-responsive gene expression. Auxin perception by TIR1 (TRANSPORT INHIBITOR RESPONSE 1) and related AUXIN F-BOX (AFB) proteins AFB1, AFB2 and AFB3 leads to the degradation of AUX/IAAs by the 26S proteasome and the subsequent release of ARFs from suppression. By binding to the auxin-responsive element (ARE) commonly found in the promoters of auxin-responsive genes, ARFs regulate (activate or repress) auxin-responsive gene expression, leading to a variety of auxin-mediated phenotypic alterations.
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