It has been recognized that the states of TM ions in various glasses depend on the type and composition of the host glass
and on melting condition [14–19,29]. ElBatal et al.
[14–19] have arrived to the conclusion that alkali borate, alkali silicate, lead borate and lead silicate glasses favor the presence of TM ions in their high valence or tetrahedral coordination states while on the other alkali phosphate and lead phosphate glasses promote the low oxidation or octahedral coordination states.