Ferric reducing ability of plasma (FRAP) was determined using the method of Pulido, Bravo, and Saura-Calixto (2000). Aqueous or ethanolic extract in water or ethanol (30 mL) was mixed with FRAP reagent (SigmaeAldrich, 900 mL) and deionised water (90 mL) and
left to stand for 30 min, and the absorbance was then measured at 595 nm against a blank. The absorbance was quantified by the calibration curve of Trolox as a standard and expressed as micromole Trolox per gram