Our findings have two important implications. First, our results
support the claim of previous studies that GIS-based and perceived
data on fast-food availability might not measure the same
construct and should be differentiated. Even though our results did
not reach statistical significance, our point estimates clearly showed
a positive relationship between fast-food availability and consumption
when using perception data and an inverse relation when using
GIS-based data. Incorporating the entire subjective impression of
the environment, it is thus reasonable that subjective measures might
better reflect the actual influence of fast-food presence. Second, in
consideration of our results and the conflicting findings of previous
research, we posit that a person’s role as the primary food
shopper of the household could be crucial for both that person’s
perception of fast-food availability and the impact of fast-food presence
on his or her food shopping behavior. Persons responsible for
food shopping for a household may have an increased awareness
of neighborhood fast-food availability. This assumption is supported
by the fact that 80% of participants in our study accurately
perceived the presence of a fast-food restaurant within 1 mile of
their home (Kappa = 0.5–0.61) (Barnes et al., revision in review). It
is intriguing to speculate that such people would also tend to buy
more food for preparation at home and thus be less influenced by
fast-food availability. This may be one explanation for the lack of
association between perceived or GIS-based fast-food availability
and fast-food consumption. Additional evidence for this line of reasoning
comes from one other study that demonstrated a positive
association between fast-food availability among men only, who are
not typically the primary food shoppers of the household (Boone-
Heinonen et al., 2011).
Our findings have two important implications. First, our resultssupport the claim of previous studies that GIS-based and perceiveddata on fast-food availability might not measure the sameconstruct and should be differentiated. Even though our results didnot reach statistical significance, our point estimates clearly showeda positive relationship between fast-food availability and consumptionwhen using perception data and an inverse relation when usingGIS-based data. Incorporating the entire subjective impression ofthe environment, it is thus reasonable that subjective measures mightbetter reflect the actual influence of fast-food presence. Second, inconsideration of our results and the conflicting findings of previousresearch, we posit that a person’s role as the primary foodshopper of the household could be crucial for both that person’sperception of fast-food availability and the impact of fast-food presenceon his or her food shopping behavior. Persons responsible forfood shopping for a household may have an increased awarenessof neighborhood fast-food availability. This assumption is supportedby the fact that 80% of participants in our study accuratelyperceived the presence of a fast-food restaurant within 1 mile oftheir home (Kappa = 0.5–0.61) (Barnes et al., revision in review). Itis intriguing to speculate that such people would also tend to buymore food for preparation at home and thus be less influenced byอาหารจานด่วนพร้อมใช้งาน นี้อาจเป็นคำอธิบายหนึ่งขาดความสัมพันธ์ระหว่างการรับรู้ หรือ ตาม GIS พร้อมอาหารและการบริโภคอาหารจานด่วน หลักฐานเพิ่มเติมสำหรับบรรทัดของเหตุผลมาจากอื่น ๆ ศึกษาหนึ่งที่แสดงเป็นค่าบวกความสัมพันธ์ระหว่างอาหารว่างระหว่างมนุษย์เท่านั้น คือใครที่เวลานักช็อปของครัวเรือน (Boone-ไม่ปกติอาหารหลักHeinonen et al., 2011)
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