Tissue samples of all nominal species within Phyzelaphryninae were taken from thigh muscle or liver (in one case from eggs) and preserved in 95% ethanol (Table 1). Specimens were collected from their type locality or from the closest localities possible, and are deposited in different collections (Table 1). We also collected tissue samples from specimens of newly discovered populations that were tentatively identified as belonging to one of the nominal species within Phyzelaphryninae. Sequences of some specimens of Phyzelaphryne miriamae and Adelophryne gutturosa were retrieved from GenBank. Genomic DNA was extracted using Promega DNA extraction kit. A total of 31 Adelophryne and 14 Phyzelaphryne individuals were included. We follow the classification of Pyron and Wiens (2011) for Terrarana.