probes or fluorescent dyes eliminate the post-amplification processing step and that results can be obtained
in less than 3 hours. At present, the widest application of an rRT-PCR assay for APMV-1 detection was in
the United States of America (USA) during the ND outbreaks of 2002–2003, when the assay described by
Wise et al. (2004) was employed. The primers and probes in this report were validated on lentogenic,
mesogenic and velogenic strains circulating in the USA. At the peak of the outbreak, between 1000 and
1500 samples were tested daily by rRT-PCR. However those protocols do not detect all NDV strains and a
more conserved part of the genome should be targeted or a multiple testing approach (i.e. at least two
distinct independent laboratory tests for antigen detection) may be needed for detecting the index case