where WA represents weight fraction of anatase phase in mixture,
IR, IA characteristic integrated peak intensities of rutile
and anatase phase respectively [29].
The crystallite size was calculated by Debye Scherrer equation
(Table 2) and was found to increase from 5.7 nm (1a) to
17.6 nm (2f). It is clearly observed from the diffractograms of the films that the composition and crystallite size depend
upon the calcination temperature and thickness of the films.
The effect of calcination temperatures on crystallinity and
average crystallite size can be explained on the basis of more
pronounced calcination of particles incase of thin films (as they
contain less amount of particles) with large surface area as
compared to thick films resulting in an increase in crystallinity
and size of TiO2 crystallites.