A flow chart of the 66 eligible pregnant women enrolled in the study is presented in Figure 1. Thirteen women dropped out early in the trial, mainly due to lack of time to participate in a time-consuming trial, or disappointment at being randomized to control group. The women, who dropped out, did not differ in characteristics from the participating women. Three women in the control group developed GDM during pregnancy and were offered dietary consultations following recommendation for gestational diabetic diet.19 Consequently, their data were excluded from statistical analyses, except for the reports on the incidence of GDM.