The implementation of guidelines based on scientific evidence can reduce the risks associated with endotracheal suctioning in newborns. These risks include physiological changes, pneumonia, tracheal damage, hyperoxygenation- and hypoxia-related changes, stress and discomfort. Although international guidelines are available, Brazilian recommendations are lacking, and the procedures adopted in Brazilian NICUs may differ from foreign procedures because of various differences in equipment, sociodemographic parameters, dispensed care, etc. Thus, recommendations and guidelines for this procedure in Brazil can contribute to improving the outcome of newborns in Brazilian NICUs.