Planted forests, mainly Eucalyptus and Pinus species, are very important to Brazil’s economy. Minas Gerais and São Paulo are the states with the greatest production of wood. The main uses of eucalyptus are in the timber, pulp and paper, charcoal and steel industries. The wood quality depends, ingeneral, on the proper growth of the trees and the number of nodes and lateral branches being as small as possible, allowing the production of uniform wood. Diseases associated with phytoplasma presence usually affect the growth and shoot proliferation of the plants. The occurrence of eucalyptus plants showing symptoms similar to those induced by phytoplasmas, such as leaves of reduced size
and witches’ broom, in production areas in Brazil has been of concern to producers.