Statistical quality control really came into its own during World War II. The need for
mass-produced war-related items, such as bomb sights, accurate radar, and other
electronic equipment, at the lowest possible cost hastened the use of statistical
sampling and quality control charts. Since World War II these statistical techniques
have been refined and sharpened. The use of computers in the last decade has also
widened the use of these techniques.
World War II virtually destroyed the Japanese production capability. Rather than retool
their old production methods, the Japanese enlisted the aid of the late Dr. W. Edwards
Deming, of the United States Department of Agriculture, to help them develop an overall
plan. In a series of seminars with Japanese planners he stressed a philosophy that
is known today as Deming’s 14 points. These 14 points are listed on the following page.
He emphasized that quality originates from improving the process, not from inspection,
and that quality is determined by the customers. The manufacturer must be able,
via market research, to anticipate the needs of customers. Upper management has
the responsibility for long-term improvement. Another of his points, and one that the
Japanese strongly endorsed, is that every member of the company must contribute to
the long-term improvement. To achieve this improvement, ongoing education and
training are necessary.
Deming had some ideas that did not mesh with contemporary management philosophies
in the West. Two areas where Deming’s ideas differed from Western management
philosophy were with production quotas and merit ratings. He claimed these two
practices, which are both common in the West, are not productive and should be
eliminated. He also pointed out that Western managers are mostly interested in good
news. Good news, however, does not provide an opportunity for improvement. On the
other hand, bad news opens the door for new products and allows for company
improvement.
Listed below, in a condensed form, are Dr. Deming’s 14 points. He was adamant that
the 14 points needed to be adopted as a package in order to be successful. The underlying
theme is cooperation, teamwork, and the belief that workers want to do their jobs
in a quality fashion.
Statistical quality control really came into its own during World War II. The need formass-produced war-related items, such as bomb sights, accurate radar, and otherelectronic equipment, at the lowest possible cost hastened the use of statisticalsampling and quality control charts. Since World War II these statistical techniqueshave been refined and sharpened. The use of computers in the last decade has alsowidened the use of these techniques.World War II virtually destroyed the Japanese production capability. Rather than retooltheir old production methods, the Japanese enlisted the aid of the late Dr. W. EdwardsDeming, of the United States Department of Agriculture, to help them develop an overallplan. In a series of seminars with Japanese planners he stressed a philosophy thatis known today as Deming’s 14 points. These 14 points are listed on the following page.He emphasized that quality originates from improving the process, not from inspection,and that quality is determined by the customers. The manufacturer must be able,via market research, to anticipate the needs of customers. Upper management hasthe responsibility for long-term improvement. Another of his points, and one that theJapanese strongly endorsed, is that every member of the company must contribute tothe long-term improvement. To achieve this improvement, ongoing education andtraining are necessary.Deming had some ideas that did not mesh with contemporary management philosophiesin the West. Two areas where Deming’s ideas differed from Western managementphilosophy were with production quotas and merit ratings. He claimed these twopractices, which are both common in the West, are not productive and should beeliminated. He also pointed out that Western managers are mostly interested in goodnews. Good news, however, does not provide an opportunity for improvement. On theother hand, bad news opens the door for new products and allows for companyimprovement.Listed below, in a condensed form, are Dr. Deming’s 14 points. He was adamant thatthe 14 points needed to be adopted as a package in order to be successful. The underlyingtheme is cooperation, teamwork, and the belief that workers want to do their jobsin a quality fashion.
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