Modelled and observed changes in atmospheric temperature, from close to the
Earth's surface to the lower stratosphere. Model results are from two sets of
experiments: with "present-day" levels of atmospheric CO2 (panel a), and with
present-day CO2, sulfur emissions, and stratospheric ozone depletion (panel b).
They are given as changes relative to a pre-industrial state of the atmosphere.
Observed changes (panel c) are temperature trends over the period 1963 to 1988,
as estimated from weather balloons. All results are for annually averaged data
and are in units of °C (panels a, b) and °C/25 years (panel c). The patterns of
change in panels b and c are similar.