The derivatization agent choice
In a first time, we attempted to analyze glutathione in reverse phase without any derivatization step. Due to its hydrophilic behavior, it was not possible to reach a satisfactory sensitivity because it was not retained enough on the pre column during the enrichment step. The HPLC-Chip/MS interface did not enable to inject the analyte directly onto the separation column. Consequently, we decided to chemically modify glutathione to enhance its hydrophobicity and then its retention on C18 column. In literature, iodoacetic acid and N-ethylmaleimide are the two most commonly reagents employed for GSH derivatization in biological samples. Iodoacetic acid did not increase the hydrophobicity of glutathione due to its carboxylic acid function and thus was not convenient to be used under our conditions. So, N-ethylmaleimide was preferred to enhance the glutathione lipophily (Fig. 1). In addition, the type of separation column phase was an important choice to insure an efficient retention of glutathione. Under our conditions, the most adapted phase was the ZORBAX 300 SB-AQ, which is specially designed for hydrophilic compounds and can be used with 100% water.
The derivatization agent choiceIn a first time, we attempted to analyze glutathione in reverse phase without any derivatization step. Due to its hydrophilic behavior, it was not possible to reach a satisfactory sensitivity because it was not retained enough on the pre column during the enrichment step. The HPLC-Chip/MS interface did not enable to inject the analyte directly onto the separation column. Consequently, we decided to chemically modify glutathione to enhance its hydrophobicity and then its retention on C18 column. In literature, iodoacetic acid and N-ethylmaleimide are the two most commonly reagents employed for GSH derivatization in biological samples. Iodoacetic acid did not increase the hydrophobicity of glutathione due to its carboxylic acid function and thus was not convenient to be used under our conditions. So, N-ethylmaleimide was preferred to enhance the glutathione lipophily (Fig. 1). In addition, the type of separation column phase was an important choice to insure an efficient retention of glutathione. Under our conditions, the most adapted phase was the ZORBAX 300 SB-AQ, which is specially designed for hydrophilic compounds and can be used with 100% water.
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