In Cartoon Network, the Second Circuit addressed whether the cable television provider Cablevision had directly infringed the plaintiff’s copyrights by providingdigital video recording devices to its customers. 536 F.3d 121. The court determined that it had not. Though Cablevision had “design[ed], hous[ed], and maintain[ed]” the recording devices, it was Cablevision’s customers who “made” the copies and therefore directly infringed the plaintiff’s reproduction rights.