As a theorist, she never tired of preaching the distinction between mechanically translating the linguistic expression from one language to another (which she called transcoding) and transposing the intended content of what was said, the deverbalised ‘message’ (which she called interpretation). Though in reality there is no sharp separation between the two and most translation is a hybrid of them, her dichotomy is a very useful construct for translation theory and teaching, and we used it in Harris & Sherwood 1978. Though it was not new – I was taught at school to “translate the ideas, not the words” – she added a suggestive twist to it: namely that the deverbalised message is represented in the interpreter’s mind in the same form as it is stored in medium or long-term memory. Hence the title of her magnum opus as a researcher, Langage, Langues et Mémoire (Paris, Minard, 1975).