Toxoplasma strain RH and the lacZ-expressing clone 2F were cultured in human foreskin ®broblast (HFF) cell monolayers as described previously (Morisaki et al., 1995). Toxoplasma invasion of HFF cell monolayers was quanti®ed by colorimetric detection of b-galactosidase (b-Gal) activity expressed
by the parasite strain 2F as described previously (Dobrowolski and Sibley, 1996). Brie¯y, puri®ed parasites were incubated with HFF monolayers in invasion medium [DMEM 3% (v/v) FBS, 20mM HEPES, 0.2% (w/v) NaH2CO3] for 10 or 20min at 378C. After extensive washing in PBS, monolayers were lysed, and b-Gal activity was determined using the substrate chlorophenol red b-D-galactopyranoside (Eustice et al., 1991). Parasite numbers were determined by comparison of enzyme levels with dilution standards, produced by lysis of parasites counted in a haemocytometer. Immuno¯uorescence staining was also used to examine parasite invasion of HFF cells grown on permanox chamber slides (Nalge Nunc International). Monolayers were infected with parasites for 20min at 378C in a CO 2 incubator followed byabriefwashwithPBSand®xationfor20minwith2.5%(w/v) formaldehyde/0.02% (w/v) glutaraldehyde in ice-cold PBS. After blocking and permeabilizing infected monolayers for 30min with PBS containing 10% (v/v) FBS and 0.05% (w/v) saponin (Sigma), parasites associated with host cells were sequentially stained with rabbit anti-SAG1 and Texas Redconjugated goat anti-rabbit (Jackson ImmunoResearch Laboratories; 1:500) antibodies, diluted in PBS1% (v/v) FBS, 1% (v/v) normal goat serum and 0.05% (w/v) saponin.
ต้องใช้ toxoplasma RH และ lacZ-กำลังโคลน 2F ถูกอ่างในหนังหุ้มปลายมนุษย์ ® broblast (HFF) เซลล์ monolayers อธิบายไว้ก่อนหน้านี้ (Morisaki และ al., 1995) บุกรุก toxoplasma ของ HFF monolayers เซลล์ถูก quanti ® ed โดยตรวจสอบเทียบเคียงของกิจกรรม b-galactosidase (b-Gal) แสดงby the parasite strain 2F as described previously (Dobrowolski and Sibley, 1996). Brie¯y, puri®ed parasites were incubated with HFF monolayers in invasion medium [DMEM 3% (v/v) FBS, 20mM HEPES, 0.2% (w/v) NaH2CO3] for 10 or 20min at 378C. After extensive washing in PBS, monolayers were lysed, and b-Gal activity was determined using the substrate chlorophenol red b-D-galactopyranoside (Eustice et al., 1991). Parasite numbers were determined by comparison of enzyme levels with dilution standards, produced by lysis of parasites counted in a haemocytometer. Immuno¯uorescence staining was also used to examine parasite invasion of HFF cells grown on permanox chamber slides (Nalge Nunc International). Monolayers were infected with parasites for 20min at 378C in a CO 2 incubator followed byabriefwashwithPBSand®xationfor20minwith2.5%(w/v) formaldehyde/0.02% (w/v) glutaraldehyde in ice-cold PBS. After blocking and permeabilizing infected monolayers for 30min with PBS containing 10% (v/v) FBS and 0.05% (w/v) saponin (Sigma), parasites associated with host cells were sequentially stained with rabbit anti-SAG1 and Texas Redconjugated goat anti-rabbit (Jackson ImmunoResearch Laboratories; 1:500) antibodies, diluted in PBS1% (v/v) FBS, 1% (v/v) normal goat serum and 0.05% (w/v) saponin.
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