Examination of balance is an important element of a
physical therapy evaluation for a school-age child. The clinician
must predict the ability of the child to safely and
independently function in a variety of environments (ie,
home, school, and community). Valid and reliable functional
balance measures are of critical importance if the
pediatric physical therapist is to justify that intervention is
warranted and demonstrate that improved balance function
has occurred as a result of intervention.
Traditionally, pediatric physical therapists have examined
balance through the observation of the underlying
elements of the balance response, timed measures of static that allow a child to safely perform everyday tasks. A
child of school age is expected to function independently
within his/her home and school environment
when performing self-help (basic activities of daily living),
locomotor (mobility), and gross motor activities,
including recreational activities/play (instrumental activities
of daily living). As the child approaches adolescence
and young adulthood increased proficiency in basic
and instrumental activities of daily living is
anticipated. Balance, the ability to maintain a state of
equilibrium, is one of the critical underlying elements of
movement that facilitates the performance of functional
skills. Other critical elements for successful function
include cognition, vision, vestibular function, muscle
strength, and range of motion. The physical therapist
must determine if the child possesses adequate functional
balance to safely meet the demands of everyday
life at home, in school, and within the community.
Examination of balance is an important element of aphysical therapy evaluation for a school-age child. The clinicianmust predict the ability of the child to safely andindependently function in a variety of environments (ie,home, school, and community). Valid and reliable functionalbalance measures are of critical importance if thepediatric physical therapist is to justify that intervention iswarranted and demonstrate that improved balance functionhas occurred as a result of intervention.Traditionally, pediatric physical therapists have examinedbalance through the observation of the underlyingelements of the balance response, timed measures of static that allow a child to safely perform everyday tasks. Achild of school age is expected to function independentlywithin his/her home and school environmentwhen performing self-help (basic activities of daily living),locomotor (mobility), and gross motor activities,including recreational activities/play (instrumental activitiesof daily living). As the child approaches adolescenceand young adulthood increased proficiency in basicand instrumental activities of daily living isanticipated. Balance, the ability to maintain a state ofequilibrium, is one of the critical underlying elements ofmovement that facilitates the performance of functionalskills. Other critical elements for successful functioninclude cognition, vision, vestibular function, musclestrength, and range of motion. The physical therapistmust determine if the child possesses adequate functionalbalance to safely meet the demands of everydaylife at home, in school, and within the community.
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