Paphiopedilum spp. (Orchidaceae), commonly known as Lady’s slipper orchids, are often marketed as attractive and desirable container-grown plants. A few species are regarded as endangered or even extinct in the wild due to over-collection from natural areas and large-scale illegal trade. Paphiopedilum spp. have been designated as endangered by the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora (CITES; CITES Appendices 2008). In a natural setting, Paphiopedilum seed germinates relatively slowly due to the absence of an endosperm. In P. armeniacum, the interval between seed germination and tiller production is about 4 years (Liu et al. 2006), although some orchid hybrids and tropical orchids initiate tiller production within 6 month of germination and tiller yearly (Chen and Tsi 2003). P. villosum (Lindl. ex Hook.) Stein and P. barbigerum T. Tang et F. T. Wang both show low frequencies of fruit set, with average fruit set of 8 and 26%, respectively (Banziger 1996; Shi et al. 2008). Although Paphiopedilum spp. produce abundant seeds, germination levels in nature are low and, consequently, Paphiopedilum spp. are relatively rare in the wild (Arditti and Ernst 1993).