In both groups, energy intake decreased by 400 kcal/d compared to baseline values within
the first 6 months and slightly increased again within the second 6 months. Macronutrient
composition differed significantly between the groups from the beginning to month 12. At study
termination, weight loss was 5.8 kg (SD: 6.1 kg) in the low-carbohydrate group and 4.3 kg (SD: 5.1
kg) in the low-fat group (p = 0.065). In the low-carbohydrate group, triglyceride and HDLcholesterol
levels were lower at month 6 and waist circumference and systolic blood pressure
were lower at month 12 compared with the low-fat group (P = 0.005–0.037). Other risk markers
improved to a similar extent in both groups.