Distribution
In contrast to chromium (), which is bound to plasma proteins such as transferrin, chromium (V) entering the blood stream is taken up selectively by erythrocytes, reduced, and bound predominantly to heamoglobin.
-inhalation exposure:
Examination of autopsy tissues from Japanese workers exposed to chromium revealed higher chromium levels in the hilar lymph nodes, lung, spleen, liver, kidney, heart compared to normal healthy males.
Lung concentration of chromium increases with age. Studies have shown that women in general have lower levels of chromium deposits in various tissue sites (especially for lung), than those found in men , this can reflect the greater potential for occupational exposure in men, the higher vital capacity of men, and possibly smoking habits.
-oral exposure :
High levels of chromium were found in liver, kidney, and brain after an acute, lethal ingestion of a chromium (V)compound (7.5 mg chromium (V)kg as potassium dichromate).
Autopsy studies indicate that chromium concentrations are highest in the kidney, liver, lung, aorta, heart, pancreas, and spleen at birth and tend to decrease with age.
-dermal exposure :
The finding of systemic toxic effects in humans who were dermally exposed to chromium compounds indicates the distribution of the element to these organs.
In addition, chromium may be transferred to fetuses through the placenta and to infants via breast milk.