OVERVIEW OF TRAIT-FACTOR COUNSELING
Basic assumptions of the trait-factor theory as it particularly applies to
career counseling are:
1. Each person possesses a unique and stable pattern of traits that can be
measured.
2. There is a unique pattern of traits required for successful performance of
the critical tasks of each occupation.
3. It is possible to match the traits of persons with the trait requirements
of occupations on a rational and actuarial basis.
4. The closer the fit between a person's traits and the trait requirements of
that person's occupation, the greater the likelihood for successful job
performance and personal satisfaction (Klein & Weiner, 1977).
5. Personal traits may be viewed in a context of how well they fit into the
environmental system within which the person operates. Environmental systems may
be viewed in a broad ecological context that includes geographical, local,
cultural heritage, family background and influence, socioeconomic class, work/
school setting, community setting, and economic climate.
6. In a broader context, “occupational” or “vocational” counseling may be
replaced with any of the developmental tasks of living such as going to school,
raising a family, or planning for retirement.