Direct fermentation of whey or whey permeate to ethanol is
generally not economically feasible because the low lactose content
results in low ethanol titre (2–3% v/v), making the distillation process
too expensive. Thus, it is important to start the fermentation with high
concentration of lactose, which can be achieved by concentrating the
whey, e.g. by ultrafiltration and/or reverse osmosis processes, in order
to obtain high ethanol titre at the end of fermentation. Alternatively,
the sugar concentration can be increased by mixing the native whey
with high-sugar condensed materials such as molasses, although in
such sugar mixtures the yeast may exhibit catabolite repression and
not be able to consume lactose (Oda and Nakamura, 2009). Besides,
fermentation must be fast to maximise the ethanol productivity of the
process. Nevertheless, in the design of a process for ethanol production
from whey a compromise must be made between maximisation
of ethanol titre/productivity and minimisation of residual sugar concentration
in the effluent, since the purpose of the process is usually
also waste treatment.
Direct fermentation of whey or whey permeate to ethanol is
generally not economically feasible because the low lactose content
results in low ethanol titre (2–3% v/v), making the distillation process
too expensive. Thus, it is important to start the fermentation with high
concentration of lactose, which can be achieved by concentrating the
whey, e.g. by ultrafiltration and/or reverse osmosis processes, in order
to obtain high ethanol titre at the end of fermentation. Alternatively,
the sugar concentration can be increased by mixing the native whey
with high-sugar condensed materials such as molasses, although in
such sugar mixtures the yeast may exhibit catabolite repression and
not be able to consume lactose (Oda and Nakamura, 2009). Besides,
fermentation must be fast to maximise the ethanol productivity of the
process. Nevertheless, in the design of a process for ethanol production
from whey a compromise must be made between maximisation
of ethanol titre/productivity and minimisation of residual sugar concentration
in the effluent, since the purpose of the process is usually
also waste treatment.
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Direct fermentation of whey or whey permeate to ethanol is
generally not economically feasible because the low lactose content
results in low ethanol titre (2–3% v/v), making the distillation process
too expensive. Thus, it is important to start the fermentation with high
concentration of lactose, which can be achieved by concentrating the
whey, e.g. by ultrafiltration and/or reverse osmosis processes, in order
to obtain high ethanol titre at the end of fermentation. Alternatively,
the sugar concentration can be increased by mixing the native whey
with high-sugar condensed materials such as molasses, although in
such sugar mixtures the yeast may exhibit catabolite repression and
not be able to consume lactose (Oda and Nakamura, 2009).นอกจากนี้
การหมักจะต้องรวดเร็วเพื่อเพิ่มประสิทธิภาพของกระบวนการผลิตเอทานอล
. อย่างไรก็ตามในการออกแบบกระบวนการ
การผลิตเอทานอลจากเวย์ การประนีประนอมจะต้องทำระหว่างการมีจำนวนสูงสุด
เอทานอล titre / ผลผลิตและลดเหลือน้ำตาลความเข้มข้น
ในน้ำทิ้ง เนื่องจากวัตถุประสงค์ของกระบวนการมักจะ
เสียรักษา
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