2002 Zoological Society of JapanZOOLOGICAL SCIENCE 19: 369–382 (2002)Genetic Relationships among Korean Brown Frog Species (Anura, Ranidae), with Special Reference to Evolutionary Divergences between Two Allied SpeciesRana dybowskii and R. huanrenensisJong-Bum Kim1*†, Mi-Sook Min1,2, Suh-Yung Yang1 and Masafumi Matsui31Department of Biology, Inha University, Incheon 402-751, South Korea2Shool of Agricultural Biotechnology and College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul NationalUniversity, Suwon 441-744, South Korea3Graduate School of Human and Environmental Studies, Kyoto University,Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, JapanABSTRACT—Allozyme analysis for 41 populations of brown frog species, Rana dybowskii, R. huanren-ensis, and R. amurensis from Korea and three reference species (Chinese R. chensinensis and JapaneseR. dybowskii and R. tsushimensis), were performed to clarify taxonomic status of Korean brown frogs. Thelevel of average genetic differentiation (Nei’s D) among local populations of each species in Korea wasvery low (D<0.012) and Korean and Japanese R. dybowskii also showed conspecific level of differentiation(D=0.070). Whereas, much larger, discrete genetic differences were detected in the interspecific compar-isons (D>0.370). In the genetic relationships among five species examined, the 24 chromosome brownfrogs (R. dybowskii, R. huanrenensis, and R. chensinensis) did not form a monophyletic group. Ranadybowskii with the chromosome number of 2n=24 was grouped together with R. amurensis with the chro-mosome number of 2n=26. The hypothesis of reversal change from 24 to 26 in Korean R. amurensisseems to better explain the phylogenetic relationships of east Asian brown frogs than the assumption ofparallel reduction in chromosome number from 2n=26 to 24 in R. dybowskii and in the common ancestorof R. huanrenensis and R. chensinensis. The genetic, morphological, and reproductive divergencesbetween Korean R. dybowskii and R. huanrenensis were compared
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