Fig. 3 we show the correlation between precourse pscale and exam score for each student.
FIG. 3.
The correlation between pscale at beginning of the semester and the exam score, wherepscale=(expansive−limiting)/(expansive+limiting).
There is no observed correlation between pscalepre and the exam scores: the correlationcoefficient=−0.017 and the nonparametric Spearman- ρ coefficient=−0.002. A similar lack of correlation is found between pscalepre and the final grade: the correlation coefficient=−0.003 and Spearman- ρ coefficient=−0.004. Hence a student’s initial preference for expansive or limiting strategies does not predict their exam score or final course grade.