Textural and rheological properties of Pacific whiting (PW) surimi were investigated at various heating
rates with the use of nano-scaled fish bone (NFB) and calcium chloride. Addition of NFB and slow heating
improved gel strength significantly. Activity of endogenous transglutaminase (ETGase) from PW surimi
was markedly induced by both NFB calcium and calcium chloride, showing an optimal temperature at
30 C. Initial storage modulus increased as NFB calcium concentration increased and the same trend
was maintained throughout the temperature sweep. Rheograms with temperature sweep at slow heating
rate (1 C/min) exhibited two peaks at 35 C and 70 C. However, no peak was observed during temperature
sweep from 20 to 90 C at fast heating rate (20 C/min). Protein patterns of surimi gels were
affected by both heating rate and NFB calcium concentration. Under slow heating, myosin heavy chain
intensity decreased with NFB calcium concentration, indicating formation of e-(c-glutamyl) lysine
cross-links by ETGase and NFB calcium ion.
2015