The medial longitudinal arch
The medial longitudinal arch is shaped up by calcaneus, talus, navicular, three cuneiforms, and the first, second, and third metatarsals. This arch has a greater curvature and much more flexible than lateral longitudinal arch. Significant role of the arch provides for shock attenuation upon contact the ground. The arch is supported by the plantar aponeurosis, intrinsic muscles of the foot, tendons of tibialis anterior, tibialis posterior, peroneus longus, and ligaments of entire articulations concerned. Support function of arch can be explained by three models including the truss model, beam model, and sling muscles