Postoperative issues involving the ureter, which may be significantly devitalized during the dissection, include ureteral stricture and fistula. Bladder complications, such as overflow incontinence, urinary retention, loss of bladder sensation, and detrusor instability, occur because of bilateral disruption of parasympathetic and sympathetic nerve fibers of the bladder and ureter. By the third postoperative week, most patients can adequately empty the bladder. Surgical technique that spares the pelvic autonomic nerves may significantly reduce bladder function complications, as well as anorectal complications, although the use of this technique prolongs operating times