Machine system testing: Overall systems such as
measurement and control of temperature and
humidity, turning system and air ventilation system
were tested. The incubator was run without hatching
egg about 3 days. The temperature was set to 37°C
with humidity 79% RH. At the first 15 min,
temperature and humidity data were recorded
1 min each. The data was kept afterward every 4 h
till 3 days. Figure 4 plots the relationship between
temperature and incubator time calculated from
mathematical model; Eq. 6 and measured from
experiment to compare the result. The result of the
machine running of 72 h also displayed in Fig. 5 and 6.
Hatching eggs Incubation: To incubate hatching
eggs, there were six steps of the experiment. The
first step was to keep the units indoor to protect
incubator from major weather changes or maintain
the uniform temperature and humidity. The ambient
temperature and humidity were 27°C and 40% RH.
The second step, selected 30 clean eggs from breeders,
which were well developed, mature and healthy. The
third step was recorded temperature and humidity every
4 h. Generally, the incubation period of commercial
chicks was 21 days (Smith, 2008). The temperature and
humidity required for chicken incubation was set as
Table 3. The fourth step was turned eggs every 4 h
during the incubation periods except the last three days
before hatching. The fifth step, the eggs were candle at
various stages of incubation to explore the size of the
air cell. Compared the observing egg with Fig. 7 and 8
to see how successful was progressing The normal size
of the air cell after 7, 14 and 18 days of incubation for
a chicken egg is shown in Fig. 7. Embryo chick after
10 days is presented in Fig. 8 The last step, assisted
chicks during the hatch, if the chicks failed to break
the shell after the 12 h duration. Slowly broke larger
holes of egg starting with the two holes from the
air cell end of the egg (Baby, 2007).