When CIN 3 progresses to squamous cell carcinoma or adenocarcinoma in situ, the recommended treatment is a modified radical hysterectomy. Some patients want to preserve their fertility: Those whereas patients with adenocarcinoma in situ could choose a cone biopsy. Patients who don't have a hysterectomy require close serial observation and the previously recommended modified radical hys- terectomy if the cancer returns. If the cancer is still early stage but larger (up to 5 mm), the patient may be offered a modified radical or radical hysterectomy along with lymph node dissetion, or perhaps radiation therapy.