To underline his distance from Marxist models, Appadurai stresses that ‘the global
relationship among ethnoscapes, technoscapes, and financescapes is deeply disjunctive
and profoundly unpredictable’ (p. 35) because each has its own logic and affects
movement in the others. Appadurai seizes on disorganized models of global capitalism
(e.g. Lash and Urry, 1987) that represent a significant perspective on the contemporary
world economy but are by no means universally accepted (e.g. a more systemic approach
to similar phenomena would be Harvey, 1989).