Kont et al. (2013) that oligosaccharides were poor substrates to
cellulase and hemicellulase, but optimization of enzyme mixture
could reduce production of oligosaccharides.
3.3. Effects of particle size and inhibitors on enzymatic hydrolysis
Hot water pretreatments reduced particle size (Fig. 2, blue
traces). The average particle size of raw biomass was 735 lm
(Table 4). The mean particle size decreased by 34–58% after hot
water pretreatment. One narrow peak was observed in raw biomass;
after hot water pretreatments, peaks were shifted to the left
and bimodal distributions were observed. The smallest average
particle size was found in hot water pretreated at 180 C for
4 min (306 lm).
Disk milling reduced particle size (Fig. 2, red traces). The large
particle peak in the bimodal distribution disappeared, and curves
were left shifted further than those of nonmilled samples (Table 4).
WDM treated samples (128 lm) had similar average particle size
to HW (160 C for 4 min) with WDM treated samples (105 lm),
and HW (160 C for 8 min) with WDM treated samples (130 lm).
After disk milling, raw samples, HW (160 C for 4 min) treated
samples and HW (160 C for 8 min) treated samples had average
particle sizes of 128, 105, and 130 lm, respectively. Greater size
reduction was achieved in samples hot water pretreated above