The? scale (abbreviated by either? or Cs) is not actually a formal scale but me re ly rep- resents the number of items left unanswered on the profile sheet. The MMPI-2 does not even include a column for profiling a ?(Cs) scale, but merely provides a section to Include the total number of unanswered questions. The usefulness of noting the total riurnber of unanswered questions is to provide one of several indices of a protocol's validity. If 30 or more items are left unanswered, the protocol is most likely invalid and no further interpretations should be attempted. This is simply because an insufficient number of items have been responded to, which means less information is available for scoring the scales. Thus, less confidence can be placed in the results. To rninirnize the number of "cannot say" responses, the client should be encouraged to answer all questions.