What happens during the menstrual
cycle?
A: In the first half of the cycle, levels of
estrogen (the “female hormone”) start
to rise. Estrogen plays an important
role in keeping you healthy, especially
by helping you to build strong bones
and to help keep them strong as you get
older. Estrogen also makes the lining of
the uterus (womb) grow and thicken.
This lining of the womb is a place that
will nourish the embryo if a pregnancy
occurs. At the same time the lining of
the womb is growing, an egg, or ovum,
in one of the ovaries starts to mature.
At about day 14 of an average 28-day
cycle, the egg leaves the ovary. This is
called ovulation.
After the egg has left the ovary, it travels
through the fallopian tube to the
uterus. Hormone levels rise and help
prepare the uterine lining for pregnancy.
A woman is most likely to get
pregnant during the 3 days before or
on the day of ovulation. Keep in mind,
women with cycles that are shorter or
longer than average may ovulate before
or after day 14.
A woman becomes pregnant if the egg
is fertilized by a man’s sperm cell and
attaches to the uterine wall. If the egg is
not fertilized, it will break apart. Then,
hormone levels drop, and the thickened
lining of the uterus is shed during the
menstrual period.
What happens during the menstrualcycle?A: In the first half of the cycle, levels ofestrogen (the “female hormone”) startto rise. Estrogen plays an importantrole in keeping you healthy, especiallyby helping you to build strong bonesand to help keep them strong as you getolder. Estrogen also makes the lining ofthe uterus (womb) grow and thicken.This lining of the womb is a place thatwill nourish the embryo if a pregnancyoccurs. At the same time the lining ofthe womb is growing, an egg, or ovum,in one of the ovaries starts to mature.At about day 14 of an average 28-daycycle, the egg leaves the ovary. This iscalled ovulation.After the egg has left the ovary, it travelsthrough the fallopian tube to theuterus. Hormone levels rise and helpprepare the uterine lining for pregnancy.A woman is most likely to getpregnant during the 3 days before oron the day of ovulation. Keep in mind,women with cycles that are shorter orlonger than average may ovulate beforeor after day 14.A woman becomes pregnant if the eggis fertilized by a man’s sperm cell andattaches to the uterine wall. If the egg isnot fertilized, it will break apart. Then,hormone levels drop, and the thickenedlining of the uterus is shed during themenstrual period.
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