5.3. Higher incomes and less economic vulnerability for WA-MPA households
The huge difference in average net incomes between WA-MPAhouseholds and REM-MPA households is due mainly to the devi-ation between incomes from the fishing activity itself, especiallythe higher CPUE and landing prices. In all cases of these threemajor fishing techniques, fishing outcomes are better for WA-MPAhouseholds than REM-MPA households. WA-MPA households alsoearn more income from fish processing and marketing. REM-MPAhouseholds are unable to make up this gap from the few sources ofincome they have outside of the fishing sector.It would therefore seem that WA-MPA households’ highincomes from their main fishing activity enable them to make dowith a very small number of activities, all concentrated within thefishing sector. REM-MPA households, however, have to carry onmore types of fishing activities and also seek earnings outside of thefishing sector (in agriculture and aquaculture). The low economicprofitability of the activities conducted by part of the REM-MPAhouseholds could lead them to seek remittances from emigrants.Indeed, the percentage of remittances in incomes is found to behigher among REM-MPA households.The discussion of the effects of the MPA on household incomesraises the question of a possible impact on the economic vulnerabil-ity of the households. For this, a definition of economic vulnerabilitywas required, followed by a model to calculate its proxy. Chaudhuriet al. (2002) define economic vulnerability as the probability fora given household to fall below the poverty line. It depends on